Lies Youve Been Told About Art Analysis Essay Samples

Lies You've Been Told About Art Analysis Essay Samples Things You Should Know About Art Analysis Essay Samples The artist employs color in such a manner it expresses him very forcibly. Topics can change depending on your majors. The animals are painted in real life, but the artist distinguishes them in a type of geometry in addition to ink patterns. In this manner, color has become the most essential element of art employed in The Turning Road, L'Estaque. Though the light appears to be natural, it is made by non-traditional elements, namely color and contrast. Instead, there's a psychological focus that is produced through color and line and which express authors emotions and standard mood. There's no particular style for the introduction, but background information has become the most typical process of approach. The next thing you ought to include is the body paragraphs. With enough time, it's possible to easily finish the paper within the stipulated time without needing to rush on the previous minute. There are special words and word combination employed for analytical purposes which ought to be learned too. You should allow time to see the work you want to write about and take notes. The Most Popular Art Analysis Essay Samples Citations and extracts from several sources have to be formatted properly. Be certain th at you accredit the source of your information in the event you make an immediate quotation. Choose topics which you're most interested about or that which is timely and you wish to have a deeper investigation. Next, after you're finished preparing for the writing, it is the right time to comprehend how to compose an art review. It's also notable that the focus of the painting isn't wholesomely upon the women figures. The painting indicates a massive room and lots of figures scattered throughout the painting. The painting, now found in the Rhode Island School of Design can be looked at straight on when entered from the primary space, along with from every possible angle. The circus would function as arenas for different activities. Without novelty, a part of art is simply a copy. If your teacher specifies a specific genre or form of art then you will need to stay with that. New Questions About Art Analysis Essay Samples When an art school provides the option of submitting a personal statement, it could be tempting for forgo the chance. Technological progress gives art workers with new tools every single day. Normally, it takes as many as 2 hours of time to comb through dozens of sites until you discover something exciting to write about. If having any problems, don't hesitate to speak with your tutor or experts online. In contrast to popular belief by a considerable part of students, critical essay writing isn't about criticizing or focusing on the negative part of analysis. Along with that, your point of view will decide on the sort of essay you're writing. You must be proficient in the topic, have an overall idea about the chosen issue a nd can get the best arguments to demonstrate your thesis. For example, work out the prospective thesis topics. On the other hand, the analytical essay asks you to have a little section of the whole subject, and utilize critical thinking to think of some type of argument, aka your thesis! The conclusion plays a crucial role in the feeling it ties up the whole essay. Too complex statements have a tendency to be confusing. This differs from rhetorical in the feeling a rhetorical analysis is chiefly based around logic and provable facts. The above is almost a cliche, but it's indeed vital to being a very good crucial essay writer. A crucial essay conclusion isn't any different to other essay conclusions. To end the full essay, it's vital to make an overall concluding statement. After writing the full essay, have a short break and reread it from front to back. Unique sources could provide different art essay outlines so you have to be cautious. But before tackling these sections, it's important first to develop an outline for an important essay. These are just a few of the most frequent kinds of analytical essays. There are different kinds of essays that I would assume most of you are already familiarized with. This informative article will have the ability to assist you in understanding another sort of essay, that is the analytical essay. When the paper is finished, it's vital to revise, proofread, pick a captivating title, and make suitable citations. Your paper will be successful should you accurately react to the prompt and how well it's written. It is possible to turn to them and many other should you discover that it's challenging to establish how to compose an analysis paper.

IB Physics Topic 1 and 2 Paper Exams

IB Physics Topic 1 and 2 Paper ExamsIB Physics Topic 1, Topic 2 and Topic 3 exams are part of the curriculum that is offered by several private and public schools in the US. Subjects are assigned to the students according to their overall grade point average, so in order to earn the most money in this course, it is important to make sure that you can pass the topic exams and get a better grade.Private schools often offer subject exams that are different from other exam papers. Some of the topics are very difficult, so it is not recommended for people with low GPA or are just about to graduate from high school to take them since you would need a good grasp of mathematics in order to pass the exam.Private schools and universities often assign subject exams to certain subjects such as biology, chemistry, English, history, math, physics, and some others. There are some subjects that have different exams and some subjects only have one exam, but all exams can be compared to get an idea of your level of knowledge.Subject exams can be practice exams and not as hard as the real exam. These exams will help you prepare for the real exam.The time required for the exam will vary depending on the subject. Subject exams usually take between one and three hours, while real exams may take two to four hours. It is important to study well for the subject exams since they are easier than the real exam.Before you start taking the exam, you should prepare yourself for what you are going to face. This preparation can help you pass the exam if you are able to do well.On the exam, there will be questions that will ask you to solve a problem based on the text that you have already studied. You should have a clear understanding of the problemsso that you can answer them easily and without too much of a hassle.Most students who take the exam have not studied the topic, so they need to do extensive research in order to prepare themselves. The IB Economics topic is more difficult than the others and it is recommended that people who take the IB Economics subject test should have done much research on economics before taking the test.

Use Online Essay Tools to Help You Write a Better College Essay

Use Online Essay Tools to Help You Write a Better College EssaySome people are wary of using online essay tools because they think that it is somehow unsophisticated or low-class to use such websites. However, these websites offer a plethora of resources, both free and paid, that will help you take your writing for college course from an average to excellent essay.Writing an essay is not just about getting through the grammar and syntax points as you would do with any other essay. As soon as you begin to write a good essay, you can learn that all it takes is a little bit of research and help. Using online essay tools will help you to explore these resources and hone your writing skills while you can sharpen up on what works for you.When you are writing a report and need to get back to your thesis, you may have no problem knowing how to use sources, or even how to use grammar and syntax and how to craft an argument and conclusion. However, writing an essay is completely different.Essa ys are supposed to be challenging and these writing tools can help you by making your essays more interesting and stimulating to read. In other words, you can find more of what you enjoy in your work. Writing an essay is also different because you need to anticipate and plan ahead and it has to be consistent.Since you cannot tell how many times you are going to have to write the same essay, you are going to need to make sure that the essays you submit are always interesting. An online essay tool can help you to do this because they can take the task of formatting and presenting your essay and will make it easier for you to format the essay. You will have a lot more freedom with the essay and it can also be more innovative and original.A lot of colleges require you to write an essay and that is why you will need an essay help to keep you from forgetting this simple job. There are several online essay tools that offer an array of formats, styles, and formats, depending on what you are looking for. If you are looking for the style of academic writing, they have that too.Online essay tools can also make it easier for you to organize your thoughts and give your essays a better structure that makes them easier to read. In short, you can easily do everything you need to do to make sure that you deliver a great academic grade on your paper. All you need to do is to find the right tools.

Essay Writing Topics For Grade 9

Essay Writing Topics For Grade 9Most high school students tend to forget the importance of their essay topics for grade 9. It is the most important part of writing that helps you define your own opinion, impress others and come up with a plan of action. As the high school students find time to devote in writing, they tend to forget the fact that there are several aspects to essay topics for grade 9.You can easily get lost in the actual assignment and leave out a lot of other valuable lessons and ideas that come to you while you are writing. It is the basis of your academic success. Remember, it is the assignment to which you must conform. In order to study your assignment effectively, you need to know what to include. Otherwise, you will find yourself floundering to see what to put in your essay.As per the grading guidelines, essay topics for grades 9 should have an idea about your focus. That means that you have to lay the focus and write about it. This can be the initial answer for your teacher if you are not able to give one. It is also a test for your classmates who are participating in your essay writing and are trying to comprehend your focus.Another important aspect of your essay is the use of proper grammar and proper spelling. If your essay is not readable, how can you expect anyone to read it? So make sure you utilize all the spellings and grammatical features of your writing tool. Make your essay look professional and appealing.A word on sentence length. The longer the sentence, the less powerful it becomes. Thus, when you compose an essay, you should avoid the longest sentences. Try to write the sentences that tell you what you want to say and how to achieve it. It would not matter too much how long you compose your sentence.As far as essay topics for grades 9 are concerned, you should know that the topic varies from person to person. This also depends on your objectives. Consider your objective. What are you trying to accomplish by doing this essay ?Many students go through the wrong way in procuring the right information. They simply rely on their parents and teachers for giving them the right information. There are many sources online for you to find the right information for your own essay topic. It is advisable that you try to get as much information as possible on the subject matter of your essay.

Investing in Real Estate in Germany Financial and Labour Forces to Consider

It is fundamentally important to make considerations on the financial and labour forces directing business operations in a country before making investment decisions.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Investing in Real Estate in Germany: Financial and Labour Forces to Consider specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These forces are at the core of business operations and must therefore receive adequate consideration when investing at an international level. The financial forces are critically important since they directly influence the viability, profitability and performance of the investment. On the other hand, the human resource component is the most important asset that an organization can have at its disposal. Financial forces such as foreign exchange rates, tariffs, inflation, currency exchange rates, taxes and balance of payments have the capacity to influence international business. In finance, foreign ex change basically means the price of one country’s currency expressed in terms of another. Germany has a strong currency market which trades in all major currencies, including the US dollar, Pound, and the Euro. The government has put in place stringent fiscal and monetary policies to ensure Germany’s money market remains credible. The country follows all internationally recognized financial and monetary rules and conventions such as the International Fisher Effect and the Purchasing Power Parity. Germany has also made it easier for international investors to conduct business in the country by incorporating all the exchange rates regulations in its financial systems. For instance, the country has made provisions for spot rates, forward currency market, and forward rate. Spot rates basically entail the exchange rate arrangement made between two currencies for delivery of goods and services within two days of business (Madura Fox, 2007, p. 29). Germany charges reasonable tariffs on imported goods. The tariffs are at par with other European Union member states, but international investors get to enjoy massive tax cuts and other tax benefits. As it is the case in other countries, international investors have to cope with several taxes, including income tax, value-added tax, and withholding tax. However, the taxes are friendly to business. An analysis of financial forces cannot be complete without evaluating the Balance of Payments (BOP) as it helps the investor to know the country’s state of economy.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Germany’s BOP has remained vibrant for a very long time, and has not slipped into a trading deficit in the recent past. Due to the financial and economic stability witnessed in the country even in the face of the current economic recession, currency devaluation and currency or trade controls have not been practiced for a very long time. These two concepts are known to negatively affect BOP (Madura Fox, 2007, p. 29). Germany’s inflation rate is also conducive for international business as it is close to zero It is imperative to evaluate the labour forces when making international investment decisions. The investment must be efficient, profitable and competitive. This can only be made possible by critically evaluating the quality and quantity of the labour force to be engaged. Labour quality encompasses the attitudes, educational backgrounds and expertise of the available employees in the market (SeaZone, 2008, p. 1). Germany has a highly educated and skilled labour force especially in technical fields. On the other hand, labour quantity entails the amount of available potential workers who meet the set educational and skill requirements necessary to assist the investment meet its business needs. In Germany, finding the right mix of personnel with the right educat ional background and skills should not present any challenge to the real estate investment. Making adequate considerations on labour quantity is absolutely important for any international investment as it is directly related to wage scales, potential training costs, and efficiencies in production (SeaZone, 2008, p. 1). Germany has one of the most attractive employment policies in Europe. The regulations on labour mobility have been relaxed to favour international business due to the fact that international investors have the capacity to import the right mix of professionals into the country. This therefore means that investing organizations will have the capacity to bring skilled employees with the needed experience and educational background from any part of the world. Many diverse ethnic groups and cultures have set base in Germany due to the country’s relaxed migration laws compared to other European countries. As such, international investment may be greatly assisted by m inorities since they are mostly accessible for employment. The minorities can greatly assist international business since they are able to speak the investors’ language in addition to the fact that they are less nationalistic than the mainstream population (SeaZone, 2008, p. 2). Germany does not restrain the formation of labour unions. Indeed, the country has many groups of organized employees formed for purposes of improving the workers’ conditions of living In addition to safeguarding their ideological orientations. Indeed, any investing organization should realize that Germany has one of the most formidable trade unions in the world.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Investing in Real Estate in Germany: Financial and Labour Forces to Consider specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Germany is a leading labour market since there is enough readily available skilled manpower within commuting distan ce of the organizations. Germans are also known for their hard work, positive attitude to work and agility (SeaZone, 2008, p. 2). All said and done, it is indeed true that Germany offers great investment opportunities judging from both financial and labour forces. Reference List Madula, J., Fox, R. (2007). International financial Management. Cengage Learning EMEA. ISBN: 9781844803606 SeaZone. (2008). Understanding basic labour forces in international markets. Web. This research paper on Investing in Real Estate in Germany: Financial and Labour Forces to Consider was written and submitted by user Nataly Caldwell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Two-Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) Numbering

Two-Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) Numbering Free Online Research Papers Two-Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) Numbering for Telephone Numbering Plan Systems More Addresses, Less Number of Digits! Decimal National Numbering Plan†¦ Goodbye! Mag. Hasan Meslmani Abstract- In this paper, a new mechanism for Numbering Plan system of Geographical and Non-geographical for both Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) is proposed using Two-Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical Numbering (2DAAN), taking into account the increasing demands for numbering capacity for both subscribers and the services in order to meet growth of subscribers numbers and telephone services, such as Free Services or Value-Added Services. This research suggests a new mechanism for numbering which is different from the conventional methods for numbering plans according to recommendations of International Telecommunication Union (ITU) using Pre-Initial Access Isolation Principle (PIASP) and presenting the telephone number as an address for using the whole Possibilities range of Generated Addresses (PGA) for the usage elements. Therefore, this research aims to reduce the digits in telephone number for both fixed and mobile telephones, ren umbering the national call code or Local Area Code (LAC) within a certain country, renumbering the Country Code (CC) for each country according to ISO 3166 Alpha-2 Code list, standardization the Length of National Number, and standardization the National Numbering Plan (NNP) in each country. I. INTRODUCTION Two-Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) numbering This technique aims to create a huge ranges of addresses for numbering plan by means of using less number of digits taking into account designation of sufficient capacity for geographic areas and non geographic services to meet growth of telephone services, designation of numbering capacity for the future introduction of new services and designation of spare capacity in the form of codes and number ranges that are not associated with any known services and therefore potentially suitable for unforeseen expansion or the introduction of brand new services. The new mechanism depends on two main stages. The first one assumes enlargement the current numbering range by replacement its decimal elements with bigger range consists of the Latin characters elements which it fortunately already used in the current telephone keypad to execute some secondary functions. The second stage assumes using enlargement principle ones more by dropping these elements on coordinates axis by creating two dimensions mathematical model of Possibilities Theory to obtain on a big base which have the ability to generate huge range of addresses. It is the right time to redesign a new keypad which contains buttons presenting the Latin Alphabetical characters as a first function to support this technique, [1]. But this requires unfortunately partly or totally opposition some recommendations of the ITU on the international public telecommunication numbering plan such as E.123, E.163, E.164 and E.212, [2]. II. MATHEMATICAL MODEL A new mathematical model supporting the new mechanism of numbering plan for producing much more addresses sufficient to identify the huge numbers of subscribers has been developed. The general possibilities form of the Mathematical Model for the total sums of Total Generated Addresses (TGA) for a certain range can be written in the following expression (1): [1] (1) By choosing the Decimal Number range as a selected range, the previous expression can be re-written as: (2) (2) By applying this model on Two Dimensions Matrix (2D Matrix), The general form of Mathematical Model for the possibility of the produced numbers or addresses resulting from a certain range is shown in expression (3) (3) Now, by applying this model on Two Dimensions Matrix (2D Matrix), both rows and colons will be the 26th Latin alphabet characters resulting (26*26) Matrix and can be named 2D Alphabetical- Alphabetical Matrix. The components of all elements for the whole range of matrix is given in expression (4) (4) Classes of Calls When this study is applied for Calls Traffic according to Class of Calls for one month by random sample method on a set consisting of (100) suscribers belong to Sabil Exchange in Aleppo city, the following results have been obtaind and summerized in Table 1. Emergency Service International National Mobile Local Call Types 6 5 4 3 2 1 Levels %5 %5 %10 %15 %35 %40 Percentages Table 1: Calls classes As the result of that, six major classification types of calling can be followed when two A and B parties are executing calling. These classifications are: 1 Local Call 2 Mobile Call 3 National Call 4 International Call 5 Service Call 6 Emergency Call This classification will help the construction of a new hierarchy call address from one side, guiding to blow up the traditional design of the current telephone keypad and finally inspire the practical steps to redesign the button layout in the new keypad to support this hierarchy from other side, as it is illustrated in Fig. 1, [3,6]. Fig. 1: Classes of calls between the called parties (A) and (B) presentation and its percentages value. Application of Mathematical Model The general formula of the Mathematical Model for the total sums of Total Generated Addresses (TGA) possibilities for 2D Alphabetical-Alphabetical Matrix range can be shown in expression (4), from that, the following results can be obtained A. For n= 1 : B. For n= 2 : C. For n= 3 : D. For n= 4 : E. For n= 5 : From the previous (7), (10), (13), (16) and (19) equations and matrixes, the following Table shows the Total Generated Addresses (TGA) according to the number of digits for the 2D Alphabetical-Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) numbering [1]. 5digit 4digit 3digit 2digit 1digit n 141,167,095,653,376 208,827,064,576 308,915,776 456,976 676 TGA Table 2: Shows the Total Generated Addresses (TGA) according to the number of digits in the proposed (2DAAM) numbering. While, the Total Generated Addresses (TGA) in connection with the number of digits for the Decimal Numbering can be summerized in Table 3 [7], [8]. 7digit 6digit 5digit 4digit 3digit 2digit 1digit n 10,000,000 1,000,000 100,000 10,000 1,000 100 10 TGA Table 3: Shows the Total Generated Addresses (TGA) according to the number of digits in the current decimal numbering. By applying this proposed model on different ranges, we can obtain of the following different curves which reflex the value of the selected range, as it shown in Fig. 2. Which shows a possibility of the Total generated addresses produced according to the number of digits in the present numbering system in comparison with other systems, which they are arranged from right to left as follows: 1. Decimal numbering system method 2. Mixed numbering system method 3. IPv4 numbering system method 4. 2D Alphabetical- Alphabetical numbering system method Fig. 2: Possibilities of the Total Generated Addresses (TGA) produced according to the number of digits. It is be seen obviously, that the upper curve (2D Alphabetical), which expresses of possibilities of producing the Total Generated Addresses using 2D Matrix components P(x) and P(y) for the Latin Alphabets range, will have the highest values in comparison with the other used ranges (Mixed), (IPv4) and (decimal) curves, [9]. III. THE NEW SUGGESTED HIERARCHY LEVELS In [1] and [10], The Hierarchy Levels Suggestion can be divided into two main sets as follow: A. Call Type The First set can be divided into six subsets as follows: 1. Local Call 2. Mobile Call 3. National Call 4. International Call 5. Service Call 6. Emergency Call B. Subscriber Address The second set can be divided into five subsets as follows: 1. State: can be represented by ISO 3166-1 Alpha-2 Codes 2. City: can be represented also by Alpha-2 Codes 3. Exchange: can be represented by Alpha-2 Codes 4. Zone/ Cable: can be represented by Alpha-2 Codes 5. Subscriber: can be represented by Alpha-2 Codes Types of Two Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) calls In [1], Five types of calls using the 2DAAM are defined when the number of selection digits are equals to Subscriber Address mentioned above? (n=5): 1. Emergency Service Calls This category of calls includes all kinds of free services Emergency Service ? Numbers are identified by an ‘address’ reflex the two initial characters of the services name following the type of call Emergency sign or the service identifier ‘1’. This number or address is one digit in length. Example: 1 {services name} Example1 (fire): 1 FI Example2 (police): 1 PO The size of the numbers block allocated will generate (676) addresses for services. The service identifier ‘1’ combined with the short remainder of the number is intended to provide numbers that are easily remembered. 2. Very Local Calls This category of calls includes all calls between two subscribers belong to the same exchange. Very Local Calls? Numbers are identified by an ‘address’ reflex the two initial characters of the zones name and subscribers name, respectively following the type of very local call sign or the service identifier ‘2’. This number or address is two digits in length. Example: 2 {zones name} {subscribers name} Example: 2 ZH OM The block numbers allocated size will generate (456,976) addresses for each exchange. 3. Local Calls This category of calls includes all calls between two subscribers belong to a different exchanges in the same city or region has the same Local Area Code (LAC). Local Calls? Numbers are identified by an ‘address’ reflex the two initial characters of the exchanges name, zones name and subscribers name respectively? following the type of local call sign or the service identifier ‘3’. This number or address is three digits in length. Example: 3 {exchanges name} {zones name} {subscribers name} Example: 3 SA ZH OM The block numbers allocated size will generate (308,915,776) addresses for each city or region. 4. National Calls This category of calls includes all calls between two subscribers belong to a different exchanges in a different cities or regions has the same Country Code (CC). National Calls? Numbers are identified by an ‘address’ reflex the two initial characters of the citys name, exchanges name, zones name and subscribers name following the type of national call sign or the service identifier ‘4’. This number or address is four digits in length. Example: 4 {citys name} {exchanges name} {zones name} {subscribers name} Example: 4 AL SA ZH OM The block numbers allocated size will generate (208,827,064,576) addresses for each country. 5. International Calls This category of calls includes all calls between two subscribers belong to a different exchanges in a different country has a different Country Code (CC). International Calls? Numbers are identified by an ‘address’ reflex the two initial characters of the countrys name according to ISO 3166-1 Alpha-2 Codes Countries Names table, citys name, exchanges name, zones name and subscribers name respectively following the type of international call sign or the service identifier ‘5’. This number or address is five digits in length. Example: 5 {countrys name} {citys name} {exchanges name} {zones name} {subscribers name} Example: 5 SY AL SA ZH OM The block numbers allocated size will generate (141,167,095,653,376) addresses for the world, or lets say (41,765,412,915,200) addresses for (200) countries around the world, [7]. Geographic Information System (GIS) It can be also noticed that each address such as (SY AL SA ZH OM) carries Geographic Information System (GIS) meanings; the former address can be read as follows: The subscriber Omar Meslmani (OM) is a Subscriber belongs to ZHra Zone (ZH) which belongs to Sabil Exchange (SA) in Aleppo City (AL) in Syria State (SY), as it shown in Fig. 3. [1-10]. Fig. 3: The suggested display of the new keypad. This range of addresses has the ability to define (6,425) address to every living person, whereas IPv4 supports 4.3Ãâ€"10*9 (4.3 billion) addresses, roughly 6.5 billion people population today, which is inadequate for giving even one ?address (0.66) to every living person, [11]. IV. REPRESENTATION THE SUBSCRIBER ADDRESS LEVELS We can present each level of the five subscriber address levels which consists of Alpha-2 Codes as mentioned above by only one digit product from cross point of the horizontal component on (x) axis with the vertical component on (y) axis depending on ?2D Matrix concept by special program means. A. Local Call representation Let us suppose that the calling party (A) wishes to execute a Local Call with a called party (B) which has the following address (SA ZH OM). Then the Local Call can be represented by three digits as it shown in Fig. 4. Fig 4: Local call representation. 1st Pair: SA (Cross Point of Horizontal Component S with Vertical Component A) 2nd Pair: ZH (Cross Point of Horizontal Component Z with Vertical Component H) 3rd Pair: OM (Cross Point of Horizontal Component O with Vertical Component M) Every pair can be represented by one digit according to the expanded Unicode coding method as it shown in Fig. 5. [1]. Fig. 5: Representation of the alphabetical pair. B. Mobile Call representation Let us suppose that the calling party (A) wishes to execute a Mobile Call with a called party (B) which has the following address (MT SA ZH OM). Then the Mobile Call can be represented by four digits as it shown in Fig. 6. [1]. Fig. 6: Mobile call representation. C. National Call representation Suppose that the calling party (A) wishes to execute a National? Call with another called party (B) which has the following address (DA DM TJ YM). This address will define the subscriber Yousef Meslmani (YM) which is a Subscriber belongs to Tenth Jazeera Zone (TJ) which belongs to Dummar Exchange (DM) from Damascus City (DA) in Syria State (SY). In this case the National Call can be represented by four digits as it shown in Fig. 7. [1] Fig. 7: National call representation. D. International Call representation Let us consider that the calling party (A) wishes to execute an International? Call with another called party (B) which has the following address (SY AL SA ZH OM). Then the International Call can be represented by five digits as it shown in Fig. 8. [1] Fig. 8: International call representation. E. Service Call representation The new mechanism of numbering should be having the ability to support all type of services calls. Let us suppose that the calling party (A) wishes to execute a Service? Call (Follow Me Immediately) with another (B) party which has the following address (JA MR HM). Then the Service Call can be represented by five digits as it shown in Fig. 9. [1,3-5] Fig. 9: Service call (Follow Me Immediately) representation. Let us suppose that the calling party (A) wishes to execute a Service? Call (Alarm Call) at seven clock (HH: 07) and thirty minute (MM: 30) for duration nine and ninety days (DD: 99). Then the Service Call can be represented by five digits as it shown in Fig. 10. [1,3-5] Fig. 10: Service call (Alarm Call) representation. F. Emergency Call representation Suppose that the calling party (A) wishes to execute an Emergency Call with a called party B (Fire) which has the following address (FI). Then the Emergency Call can be represented by one digit as it shown in Fig. 11. [1,3-5] Fig. 11: Emergency call representation. Extension of the Unicode Coding Method We suggest to modify the current database of an Unicode coding method? in order to have the ability to identify the additional (676) new characters or symbols of pair AA, AB, †¦, MA, MB, †¦, ZA, ZB, †¦, ZZ, which resulting from the proposed Mathematical Model for the total sums of Total Generated Addresses (TGA) possibilities for 2D Alphabetical- Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) range for (n=1). [9] Therefore, each pair can be represent by one symbol, then assign each one with the new hexadecimal suggested code of the extended Unicode Coding,? for instance RS= 20A8, whereas it represents in the current main version separately as follows R= 0052 and S= 0053 enable us to merge two symbols in one to save more Bytes!. V. SOME EXAMPLES AND DISCUSSION Suggested Dialing of the Telephone Addresses A. Type of Call Selection The type of call can be determined by means of several ways in the suggested new keypad. For instance, we can create our own default call type to execute the desired selection by means of check mark method as it shown in Fig. 12. [1] Fig. 12: Setup default call type. B. Dialing Called Number The Dialing Called Number can be execute by another methods differ from the traditional method by means of new keypad which has been developed especially for the new mechanism of numbering according to the following flow chart illustrated in Fig. 13 [7, 8]. The Cursor Position? can be already determined by means of the new keypad type of call selection to reserve number of digits suits to the desired call and compares the value with the initial values of the parameters. Then apply two logical loops, the first one (Loop1) determines the segments of each digit, while, the second one (Loop2) determines the number of digits. [1] ? Fig. 13: Illustrates the flow chart for 2D Alphabetical- Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) numbering. 1. National Call Dialing Figure 14 illustrates stages of data reception of dialing the International Call, where the Parameter Initial Values will be as follows:? ? Type of Call = International {Intern} Cursor Position {P=5} Number of Digits {D=5} Fig. 14: International call dialing mechanism. The total length of address for the International Call dialing will be (5) digits long. The receiving data for the first digit (SY) will be received in the position no. (5), the second digit (AL) will be received in the position no. (4), the third digit (SA) will be received in the position no. (3), the forth digit (ZH) will be received in the position no. (2), and finally the fifth digit (OM) will be received in the position no. (1). 2. National Call Dialing Figure 15 illustrates stages of data reception of dialing the National Call, where the Parameter Initial Values will be as follows:? ? Type of Call = National {Nation} Cursor Position {P=4} Number of Digits {D=4} Fig. 15: National call dialing mechanism. The total length of address for the National Call dialing will be (4) digits long. The receiving data for the first digit (AL) will be received in the position no. (4), the second digit (SA) will be received in the position no. (3), the third digit (ZH) will be received in the position no. (2) and the forth digit (OM) will be received in the position no. (1). 3. Local Call Dialing Figure 16 illustrates stages of data reception of dialing the Local Call, where the Parameter Initial Values will be as follows:? ? Type of Call = Local {Local} Cursor Position {P=3} Number of Digits {D=3} Fig. 16: Local call dialing mechanism. The total length of address for the Local Call dialing will be (3) digits long. The receiving data for the first digit (SA) will be received in the position no. (3), the second digit (ZH) will be received in the position no. (2) and the third digit (OM) will be received in the position no. (1). 4. Emergency Call Dialing Figure 17 illustrates stages of data reception of dialing the Emergency ? Call, where the Parameter Initial Values will be as follows:? ? Type of Call = Emergency {Emerg} Cursor Position {P=1} Number of Digits {D=1} Fig. 17: Emergency call dialing mechanism. In this case, the total length of address for the Emergency Call dialing will be as short as (1) digit long and suits this kind of calls which require higher speed in dialing. The receiving data for the first digit (FI) will be received directly in the position no. (1). [1-10]. VI. CONCLUSION By applying this method of numbering, we can obtain several practice benefits such as: 1. Identification a Constant Length of the Telephone Address The identification of constant length of the telephone address will be formatted using the new suggested design of keypad which contains ready blocks for data reception according to 5 levels which represent the basic components of any subscriber. [1] The important result of this representation will be create a standard length of the telephone address can be used around the world and offer at the same time more addresses for far future without any changing. 2. Uniform Identification Format of the Equipment Number (EQN) As a result, the Equipment Number (EQN) of any subscriber [3-5], will identify with the telephone number or address itself. 3. Re-building New Hierarchy of the Telephone Exchange The proposed structure of next generation of the telephone exchanges focuses on cancellation some current exchange elements structure such as Shelf name and using uniform design of other element such as Blocks and Cables. [10] The following Table illustrates that the address of local call will reflex partially the basic elements parameters of exchange hierarchy Exchange room, Main Distribution Frame (MDF) and Network for the current hierarchies of exchanges which represent it the current hierarchy of Siemens (EWSD) system for instance comparing with the suggested hierarchy of the new (HASAN) system as it shown in Fig. 18. Fig. 18: Illustrate the current proposed parameters in the basic elements of exchanges (Exchange Room, MDF Room and Network). This Table shows the identification of all parameters of the various elements of communication system (Exchange, MDF and Network) according the suggested hierarchy from one side, and identifying this parameters partially with the telephone address according the suggested numbering plan from other side. Also the Table indicates to the unnecessary parameters which refer to by (X) sign and can be omitted in the new Hierarchy. [1,3-5] It believed, the time to create a standardized Worldwide Numbering Plans (WNP) instead of the traditional National Numbering Plans (NNP) has come which differ from one country to another by means of creating a certain keypad depending on investing of the Two Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical Numbering (2DAAN)? and support a number of applications like cut, copy, pasting or predict text, or at least and as a first step, trying of investing the advanced present new generations of telephone keypads and its applications such as: BlackBerry which developed by the Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM), which has a built-in QWERTY keyboard. [12] IPhone which is an internet-connected multimedia smart phone designed and marketed ?by Apple Inc. Since its minimal hardware interface lacks a physical keyboard, the ?multi-touch screen renders a virtual keyboard when necessary. [13] For text input, we can also implement a virtual keyboard on the touch screen which has ?automatic spell checking and correction, predictive address capabilities for the 5 elements of suggested Hierarchy: State, City, Exchange, Zone and Subscriber. The keyboard can predict what word the user is ?typing and complete it, and correct for the accidental pressing of keys adjacent to the ?presumed desired key. [14,15] Furthermore, we can also use the next generation of this technique (WNP) in the future, which will be the Three Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical- Alphabetical Numbering (3DAAN) in the same manner mentioned above which can supports more and more addresses maybe for requirements of very far future or even forever. REFERENCES [1] M. S. H. Ali, M. N. Salaho and H. O. Meslmani, â€Å"Development a New Numbering Plan of Telephone Communication Systems,† Aleppo University Magazine publications, Engineering Science Series, vol. 63, Aleppo, Syria, 2008. [2] â€Å"ITU-T Recommendation E.164,† Assigned country codes, Geneva, Swiss, 2005. [3] â€Å"Digital electronic switching system EWSD,† Siemens training center for communication networks, Munich, Germany, 2000. [4] â€Å"Operating system documents of local exchange EWSD,† for Syrian Telecommunication Establishment (STE) project, Siemens company, Munich, Germany, Sept. 2001. [5] â€Å"Operating system documents of Ericsson exchange,† for Syrian Telecommunication Establishment (STE) project, Ericsson company, Stockholm, Sweden, Feb. 2003. [6] â€Å"Syrian Estimation Group Results,† Geography and population, Damascus, Syria, 2007. [7] â€Å"Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) ,† European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI), Paris, France, 1997. [8] L. W. Couh, â€Å"Digital and Analog Communications System,† Macmillan publishing company, 2nd Ed., New York, USA, 1997. [9] L. HUGHES, â€Å"Data Communications,† Mc Graw-Hill, 2nd Ed., New York, USA, 1998. [10] M. S. H. Ali, M. N. Salaho and H. O. Meslmani, â€Å"Development a New Hierarchy of Exchanges,† Aleppo University, Magazine publications, Engineering Science Series, vol. 64, Aleppo, Syria, 2008. [11] â€Å"The World Fact Book,† Geography and population rank order publications, New York, USA, July 2007. [12] Research In Motion Reports Fourth Quarter And Year-End Results For Fiscal 2006. blackberry.com/ [13] Apple Inc. (2008-06-09). Apple Introduces the New iPhone 3G. Press release. ?apple.com/pr/library/2008/06/09iphone.html. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. [14] ?The most advanced mobile OS. Now even more advanced.. Scott Forstalls ?presentation. Apple. 2009-03-17. ? [15] Cohen, Peter, Cut and paste, MMS highlight iPhone 3.0 ?improvements. Macworld. 2009-03-17 ?macworld.com/article/139438/2009/03/iphone30user.html. ?Retrieved on 2009-04-01. ? Hasan Omar Meslmani was born in Aleppo, Syria, on June 4, 1964. He received B.Sc. (with honors) degrees in electrical and electronic engineering in 1988 and M.Sc. degrees in communication engineering in 2004, from Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria. He joined the Syrian Telecommunication Establishment (STE), Aleppo Directorate in 1988, as a technician engineer, from 1988 to 1990, he was operating and maintaining engineer at Jamilieh Exchange (NEC System NEAX61), from 1991 to 1992, he was an installation Department Head at Jamilieh Exchange, from 1992 to 1993, he was a supervisor engineer at Ensari Exchange, from 1993 to 1994, he was a supervisor engineer at Sabil Exchange, from 1994 to 2007, he was a Head Exchange of Sabil Exchange, from 1998 to 2007, he was a Supervisor for Automatic Billing System for Sabil Exchange in Aleppo, Successfully completed training course at Siemens Training Center for Communication Networks in Munich, Germany (Siemens System EWSD) in1992, he has been a member of the Telecommunication Development Committee in Syria for 21st century, in Syrian Telecommunication Establishment (STE) in1996, Successfully completed training course at STE Training Center for Radio Communications at High Institute for Application Technology Science in Damascus, Syria in1998, After that, a successfully completed training course at Ericsson Training Center for Communication Networks in Dublin, Ireland (Ericsson System AXE 10) in 2000. He enrolled as Ph.D. student in electronic engineering in Communication Department, Aleppo University in 2006. Research Papers on Two-Dimensions Alphabetical-Alphabetical Matrix (2DAAM) NumberingPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Project Managment Office SystemIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperResearch Process Part OneRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement

Draft Leadership Critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Draft Leadership Critique - Assignment Example One of the theories on leadership is by James Burns known as transformational theory of leadership. This theory is based on the belief that leaders and their followers work mutually in order to grow each other to higher levels of morality and motivation. It mostly involves engaging the minds and hearts of the employees (Ray, 2013, 59). It is beneficial in ensuring that everyone in the organization eventually reaches a higher sense of motivation, satisfaction with their work and a greater sense of achievement. In order for this kind of leadership to be successful, there is a need for a certain level of trust and concern rather than having control over the employees. This theory implies that leaders can only make employees follow in their footsteps of they also follow what they preach. Some of the main criticism of this theory is that it is too enlist and places too much emphasis on heroic aspects of leadership. The expected end result of this is that the followers are bound to be oppressed in a certain way. Transformational leaders rule under the notion that they have some sort of special abilities that their employees have no access to. Consequently, the destiny of their followers is tightly linked to the ambitions of their leaders. Secondly, in this kind of leadership, there is a likelihood that followers by be manipulated by their leaders and eventually end up losing more than they gain (Lussier & Achua, 2010, 39). Transactional theory of leadership, on the other hand, is based on the idea that the relationship that exists between leaders and their employees develops from the exchange of some form of reward (Bertocci, 2009, 56). The reward could be in terms of salary, praise, recognition or performance ratings. The main limitation of this form of leadership is that it implies that leaders will only reward employees when their